Duo Two-Factor Authentication with LDAPS for Juniper Secure Access SSL VPN (Deprecated)

Overview

This Juniper SSL VPN configuration supports inline self-service enrollment and the Duo Prompt for web-based VPN logins, and push, phone call, or passcode authentication for Pulse desktop and mobile client connections that use SSL encryption.

Your device makes a direct connection to Duo's cloud service using LDAPS. LDAPS authentications do not report a client IP address when the Pulse VPN client is used. There is no configurable fail mode for LDAPS connections, so if your device cannot contact Duo's service your users won't be able to log in with Duo.

This integration expressly supports Juniper/Pulse SSL VPN and is not guaranteed to work with any other VPN solution.

The Juniper RADIUS configuration does not feature the interactive Duo Prompt for web-based logins, but that configuration does capture client IP information for use with Duo policies, such as geolocation and authorized networks, and offers configurable fail mode. This also supports integrating Duo into a single Juniper sign-in URL with multiple authentication realms.

These instructions are for the Juniper-branded SA SSL VPN. If you have updated to Pulse firmware or devices, please see the Pulse Connect Secure SSL VPN instructions.

First Steps

Before moving on to the deployment steps, it's a good idea to familiarize yourself with Duo administration concepts and features like options for applications, available methods for enrolling Duo users, and Duo policy settings and how to apply them. See all Duo Administrator documentation.

Make sure that Duo is compatible with your Juniper Networks Secure Access SSL VPN. Log on to your SA, IVE or MAG administrator interface and verify that your firmware is version 6.x, 7.x, or 8.x (up to 8.2).

You should already have a working primary authentication configuration for your SSL VPN users before you begin to deploy Duo, e.g. LDAP authentication to Active Directory.

Then you'll need to:

1. Sign up for a Duo account.
2. Log in to the Duo Admin Panel and navigate to Applications.
3. Find your existing Juniper SSL VPN application and click to view the application details. Note that as of September 7, 2023, you cannot create new applications of this type.
4. Download the appropriate Duo Juniper package zip file for your device's firmware version from the Duo Admin Panel. This file is customized for your account and has your Duo account ID appended to the file name (after the version). You will need to upload this to your Juniper SSL VPN.
5. Download the DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA and DigiCert TLS RSA SHA256 2020 CA1 certificates from the DigiCert site for installation on your device.

Modify the Sign-In Page

1. Log on to your Juniper SSL VPN administrator web interface.

2. In the left menu, navigate to Authentication → Signing In → Sign-in Pages, click Upload Custom Pages..., and fill in the form:

   Field	Value
   Name	Duo-Juniper
   Page type	Access
   Templates file	Upload the customized Duo Juniper package zip file downloaded from the Duo Admin Panel earlier. Your file name will differ from the example image below, reflecting the actual version of the Duo Juniper/Pulse package and your organization's Duo Account ID (visible on the Settings tab of the Duo Admin Panel) as the accountid i.e. Duo-Juniper-8.x-v5-1234-5678-90.zip.You must use the Duo package customized for your account. Uploading the Duo package for the wrong account can cause authentication failures.

3. Check the Skip validation checks during upload box. If you don't you'll see some warnings after uploading the file, which you can ignore.

   

4. Click Upload Custom Pages.

Install CA Certificates

Install the DigiCert CA Certificates

Duo's cloud service currently secures SSL traffic with certificates issued by DigiCert. You'll need to install the DigiCert CA certificates on your SSL VPN so that it can establish the secure LDAP connection to Duo using certificate validation.

To install the DigiCert intermediate CA certificates used by Duo's service:

1. If you did not already do so, download the DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA and DigiCert TLS RSA SHA256 2020 CA1 certificates from the DigiCert site for installation on your SSL VPN device.

2. Navigate to System → Configuration → Certificates → Trusted Server CAs in the Juniper SSL VPN administrative interface.

3. Click Import Trusted Server CA... then click the Browse button on the "Import Trusted Server CA" page.

4. Select the DigiCert SHA2 High Assurance Server CA file you downloaded from DigiCert (DigiCertSHA2HighAssuranceServerCA.crt) and click Import Certificate.

5. After successful import of the DigiCert CA certificate, click Done.

6. Repeat steps 3 through 5 for the DigiCert TLS RSA SHA256 2020 CA1 (DigiCertTLSRSASHA2562020CA1-1.crt) certificate.

With all necessary CA certificates uploaded to your device, proceed to the next section.

Add the Duo LDAP Server

1. In the left menu, navigate to Authentication → Auth. Servers.

   Select LDAP Server from the Auth Server Type list, click New Server, and fill out the form:

   Field	Value
   Name	Duo-LDAP
   LDAP Server	Your API hostname (i.e. api-XXXXXXXX.duosecurity.com)
   LDAP Port	636
   LDAP Server Type	Generic
   Connection	LDAPS
   Validate Server Certificate	Check this box

   

2. In the "Authentication required?" section, check the Authentication required to search LDAP box and fill in the form (replacing INTEGRATION_KEY and SECRET_KEY with your application-specific keys).

   Field	Value
   Admin DN	dc=INTEGRATION_KEY,dc=duosecurity,dc=com
   Password	SECRET_KEY

3. In the "Finding user entries" section:

   Field	Value
   Base DN	dc=INTEGRATION_KEY,dc=duosecurity,dc=com
   Filter	cn=<USER>

   

4. Click Save. (After you click Save you might receive a message indicating that the LDAP server is unreachable. You can disregard this message.)

Configure a User Realm

To configure a user realm for the Duo LDAP server, you can do one or more of the following:

• Create a new realm for testing
• Create a realm to gradually migrate users to the new system (for instance, by duplicating an existing realm)
• Use the default Users realm

If you create a new realm as part of deploying Duo, be sure to create role mapping rules to add users to the new realm.

To add 2FA to a user realm:

1. In the left menu, navigate to Users → User Realms and click the link for the user realm to which you want to add secondary authentication.

2. On the Users realm configuration page, select the Additional authentication server check box and fill out the form:

   Field	Value
   Authentication #2	Duo-LDAP
   Username is	predefined as <USERNAME>
   Password is	specified by user on sign-in page

3. Check the End session if authentication against this server fails box.

   

4. Click Save Changes.

5. In the top menu, navigate to Authentication Policy → Password.

6. In the "Options for additional authentication server" section, select Allow all users.

   

7. Click Save Changes.

Configure the Sign-In Policy for Secondary Authentication

To finish setting up your integration, configure a sign-in policy for secondary authentication. In this example we'll use the default */ URL policy, but you can set up a new sign-in policy at a custom URL (like */Duo-testing/) for testing.

1. In the left menu, navigate to Authentication → Signing In → Sign-in Policies tab.

2. Click the link for the sign-in policy that you want to modify.

3. Select Duo-Juniper from the Sign-in page list.

4. In the "Authentication realm" section, choose User picks from a list of authentication realms....

5. Choose the user realm you configured earlier, and click Add to move it to the Selected realms box on the right. Make sure this is the only selected realm for this sign-in page.

   

6. Click Save Changes.

Test Your Setup

To test your Juniper two-factor authentication setup, go to the URL that you defined for your sign-in policy. After you complete primary authentication, the Duo enrollment/login prompt appears.

If you're using the Pulse VPN client, you’ll see a "Secondary Password" field when using the Juniper Pulse or Pulse Connect client.

Enter a Duo factor option as the second password. Choose from:

Troubleshooting

Need some help? Take a look at the Juniper Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) page or try searching our Juniper Knowledge Base articles or Community discussions. For further assistance, contact Support.

Network Diagram

1. SSL VPN connection initiated
2. Primary authentication
3. Juniper MAG/SA connection established to Duo Security over TCP port 636
4. User completes Duo two-factor authentication via the interactive web prompt served from Duo's service or text response to the MAG/SA and their selected authentication factor.
5. Juniper MAG/SA receives authentication response
6. SSL VPN connection established